Dynamic Web page

Dynamic web pages are web sites that are generated at the time of access by a user or change as a result of interaction with the user. Dynamic web pages are a fundamental part of Web 2.0 which facilitates information sharing across multiple websites. Read more

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MyBB

MyBB, originally MyBulletinBoard, is a free and open source forum software which is developed by the MyBB Group. It is written in PHP, supports MySQL, PostgreSQL and SQLite as database systems and has database failover support. Read more

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Functions-PHP

PHP has hundreds of base functions and thousands more via extensions. These functions are well documented on the PHP site; however, the built-in library has a wide variety of naming conventions and inconsistencies. Read more

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Data types-PHP

PHP stores whole numbers in a platform-dependent range, either a 64-bit or 32-bit signed integer equivalent to the C-language long type. Unsigned integers are converted to signed values in certain situations; this behavior is different from other programming languages.Integer variables can be assigned using decimal (positive and negative), octal, and hexadecimal notations. Floating point numbers are also stored in a platform-specific range. They can be specified using floating point notation, or two forms of scientific notation.PHP has a native Boolean type that is similar to the native Boolean types in Java and C++.  Read more

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Security

Vulnerabilities are caused mostly by not following best practice programming rules: technical security flaws of the language itself or of its core libraries are not frequent (23 in 2008, about 1% of the total).Recognizing that programmers make mistakes, some languages include taint checking to detect automatically the lack of input validation which induces many issues. Such a feature is being developed for PHP,but its inclusion in a release has been rejected several times in the past. Read more

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History

 PHP development began in 1994 when the Danish/Greenlandic/Canadian programmer Rasmus Lerdorf initially created a set of Perl scripts he called "Personal Home Page Tools" to maintain his personal homepage. The scripts performed tasks such as displaying his résumé and recording his web-page traffic.Lerdorf initially announced the release of PHP on the comp.infosystems.www.authoring.cgi Usenet discussion group on June 8, 1995. Read more

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Rasmus Lerdorf

Rasmus Lerdorf (born 22 November 1968 in Qeqertarsuaq, Greenland) is a Danish programmer with Canadian citizenship and is most notable as the creator of the PHP scripting language. He authored the first two versions. Lerdorf also participated in the development of later versions of PHP led by a group of developers including Jim Winstead (who later created blo.gs), Stig Bakken, Shane Caraveo, Andi Gutmans and Zeev Suraski. Read more

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PHP accelerator

A PHP accelerator is a PHP extension designed to improve the performance of software applications written in the PHP programming language. Read more

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User Authentication in PHP

 1) Basic authentication:
     We hard code the username and password combination in the login script itself. Suitable for simple application

2) User & password stored in database:
     A very common method. We store all the user name and password information in the database

3) User authentication with image verification:
    This is a more advance method of user authentication. We can prevent any automatic login by a robot ( script ) by using this method


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Joomla core features modules- Banners & Feed

Both the “Banners” and “Feed” modules are the front-end display mechanism for their respective components. Both can be configured to display specific items on specific pages. Standard module parameters such as “Menu Assignment” and “Details” are available.

Joomla core features modules- Archived content

The Archived Content module allows the positioning of a display of Content Items that have been Archived by a Publisher or above. The Content Itmes are available behind a Month/Year directory list. The Items are sorted by creation date not archival date. Only those Months/Years with Content Items created in them will be displayed so there will not be a list of empty directories.

Joomla Core Features - Modules

1.  Archived Content
2.  Banners & Feed
3.  Custom HTML
4.  Breadcrumbs
5.  Footer
6.  Login
7.  Menu
8.  Most Read & Latest News
9.  News Flash
10. Polls
11. Random Image
12. Related Items
13. Search
14. Sections
15. Statistics
16. Syndicate
17. Who's Online
18. Wrapper

Joomla core features components- Weblinks

1. The Weblink component lists and provides management controls for controlling Web Links displayed in the Front-end of the web site.

2. The Links tab displays a list of active (published and unpublished) links organised by category
and order.

3. The Categories tab allows whole categories of links to be organised and Published status changed.

4. Weblinks are managed in categories and have various parameters such as “Target” (e.g. “New
Window with Browser Navigation”) and “Description.”

Joomla core features components- Search

The Search component provides statistics on searches performed using the Joomla! Search Plugin. The component provides the statistics as a simple list containing "Search Text” compared to“Times Requested,” and by default sorted by “Times Requested.” 

Joomla Core Features Components- Polls

The Polls component displays a list of all active (published or unpublished) polls on your site. Polls are easily managed with parameters such as Lag (time between votes) and Options for which visitors may vote.

Joomla Core Features Components- Newsfeeds

1. The Newsfeeds component enables the most recent articles from external web sites feeds [RSS - Really Simple Syndication] to be linked to for further reading.

2. The Feeds tab contains a detailed list of all active (published and unpublished) feeds within
the website. 

3. Important information is instantly visible such as Category, # Articles, and Cache Time.

4. The Categories tab allows whole categories of feeds to be organised and Published status
changed.

5. Feeds are managed in categories and have various parameters such as Number of Articles,Cache Time.

Joomla Core Features Components- Contacts

The Contacts component allows the user to manage a Contacts directory with regard to the Contacts within the web site.The Contacts tab shows a detailed list of active (published and unpublished) contacts. It also provides the ability to add new or edit existing contacts and their details.The Categories tab allows whole categories of contacts to be organised and Published status changed.

Joomla Core Features Components- Banner

1. The Banner component allows the user to manage banners by Categories and Clients.
2. The Banners Manager has three tabs---
(a) Banners
(b) Clients
(c) Categories
3. The Banners tab shows a detailed list of active (published and unpublished) banners within
the website.
4. It also provides the ability to add new or edit existing banners and their details.
5. The Clients tab shows list of clients and their contact details.
6. The Categories tab allows whole categories of banners to be organised and Published status
changed.
7. Each banner is managed individually with various parameters for essential information such as
Impressions Purchased and Click URL.

Joomla Core Features- Components

1.Banner
2.Contacts
3.Newsfeeds
4.Polls
5.Search
6.Weblinks.

Joomla Core Features

1) Components
2) Modules
3) Plugins
4) Templates

Joomla

Joomla is a free open source content management system for publishing content on the World Wide Web and intranets. The system includes features such as  printable versions of pages, news flashes, blogs, polls, website searching, etc.It is written in the PHP programming language and uses the MySQL database.Joomla is started in August 17, 2005.

Types of content management systems (CMS)

1)  ECMS - Enterprise CMS : An enterprise content management (ECM) system is concerned with content, documents, details and records related to the organizational processes of an enterprise. The purpose is to manage the organization's unstructured information content, with all its diversity of format and location.

2) WCMS - Web CMS: A 'web content management' (WCM) system is a CMS designed to simplify the publication of Web content to Web sites, in particular allowing content creators to submit content without requiring technical knowledge of HTML or the uploading of files.

3) DMS - Document Management System

4) MCMS - Mobile CMS

Features of CMS(Content Management Systems)

1. Identification of all key users and their content management roles.
2. The ability to assign roles and responsibilities to different content categories or types.
3. Definition of workflow tasks for collaborative creation, often coupled with event messaging so that content   managers are alerted to changes in content. (For example, a content creator submits a story, which is published only after the copy editor revises it and the editor-in-chief approves it.)
4. The ability to track and manage multiple versions of a single instance of content.
5. The ability to capture content (e.g., scanning).
6. The ability to publish the content to a repository to support access to the content. (Increasingly, the repository is an inherent part of the system, and incorporates enterprise search and retrieval.)

Content Management System

what is Content??
Content is , any type or 'unit' of digital information. It can be text, images, graphics, video, sound, documents, records etc - or in other words - anything that is likely to be managed in an electronic format.

What is Content Management??
Content Management is effectively the management of the content described above, by combining rules, process and/or workflows in such a way that its electronic storage is deemed to be 'managed' rather than 'un-managed'.


What is the CM System??
The system itself is definable as a tool or combination or tools that facilitate the efficient and effective production of the desired 'output' using the managed content.

A CMS is a tool that enables a variety of (centralised) technical and (de-centralised) non technical staff to create, edit, manage and finally publish (in a number of formats) a variety of content (such as text, graphics, video, documents etc), whilst being constrained by a centralised set of rules, process and workflows that ensure coherent, validated electronic content.

A content management system (CMS) such as a document management system (DMS) is a computer application used to manage work flow needed to collaboratively create, edit, review, index, search, publish and archive various kinds of digital media and electronic text.

CMS are frequently used for storing, controlling, versioning, and publishing industry-specific documentation such as news articles, operators' manuals, technical manuals, sales guides, and marketing brochures.

The content managed may include computer files, image media, audio files, video files, electronic documents, and Web content. These concepts represent integrated and interdependent layers.

SDLC(Software DevelopmentLlife Cycle)

The Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC) is a conceptual model used in project management that describes the stages involved in an information system development project, from an initial feasibility study through maintenance of the completed application. Various SDLC methodologies have been developed to guide the processes involved, including the waterfall model (which was the original SDLC method); rapid application development (RAD); joint application development (JAD); the fountain model; the spiral model; build and fix; and synchronize-and-stabilize.

An SDLC methodology follows the following steps:

1.The existing system is evaluated. Deficiencies are identified. This can be done by interviewing users of the system and consulting with support personnel.

2. The new system requirements are defined. In particular, the deficiencies in the existing system must be addressed with specific proposals for improvement.

3. The proposed system is designed. Plans are laid out concerning the physical construction, hardware, operating systems, programming, communications, and security issues.

4. The new system is developed. The new components and programs must be obtained and installed. Users of the system must be trained in its use, and all aspects of performance must be tested. If necessary,
adjustments must be made at this stage.

5. The system is put into use. This can be done in various ways. The new system can phased in, according to application or location, and the old system gradually replaced. In some cases, it may be more cost-effective to shut down the old system and implement the new system all at once.

6. Once the new system is up and running , maintenance must be kept up rigorously at all times. Users of the system should be kept up-to-date concerning the latest modifications and procedures.

Zend Framework

Zend Framework is an open source, object oriented web application framework for PHP 5. Zend Framework is often called a 'component library', because it has many loosely coupled components that you can use more or less independently.

The Zend Framework:-
a)is based on PHP
b)is object-oriented
c)uses the MVC paradigm
d)has open source contributors

Zend Framework  provides an advanced Model-View-Controller (MVC) implementation that can be used to establish a basic structure for your Zend Framework applications.

MVC design pattern is used to separate an application’s data, business logic, and presentation; doing so facilitates the creation of more maintainable, reusable, and testable code.


Model - Data access routines and some business logic can be defined in the model.

View - Views define exactly what is presented to the user. Views will collect data from the user and gives it to controller and conroller invokes the required model. Controllers pass data to each view to render in some format.

Controller - Controllers bind the whole pattern together. They manipulate models, decide which view to display based on the user's request and other factors, pass along the data that each view will need, or hand off control to another controller entirely.

Word press

Wordpress is an Open Source blog tool which offers a rich set of features as well as a large supporting community to create a  website or blog. It is maily used for developing a blog website. In WordPress you will be able to compose a post and publish it on your website.

jQuery

jQuery is a library of JavaScript Functions.

jQuery is a lightweight "write less, do more" JavaScript library.

The jQuery library contains the following features:

- HTML element selections
- HTML element manipulation
- CSS manipulation
- HTML event functions
- JavaScript Effects and animations
- HTML DOM traversal and modification
- AJAX
- Utilities

jQuery is a JavaScript Library.

jQuery greatly simplifies JavaScript programming.

JOOMLA

Joomla is a free open source content management system for publishing content on the World Wide Web and intranets.

The system includes features such as  printable versions of pages, news flashes, blogs, polls, website searching, etc


It is written in the PHP programming language and uses the MySQL database.

Joomla is started in August 17, 2005

AJAX

Asynchronous JavaScript and XML

AJAX is not a new programming language, but a new technique for creating better, faster, and more interactive web applications.


With AJAX, a JavaScript can communicate directly with the server, with the XMLHttpRequest object. With this object, a JavaScript can trade data with a web server, without reloading the page.


AJAX uses asynchronous data transfer (HTTP requests) between the browser and the web server, allowing web pages to request small bits of information from the server instead of whole pages.


AJAX is based on the following web standards:

JavaScript
XML
HTML
CSS

AJAX applications are browser- and platform-independent.

WSDL elements

definitions --->Root element of a WSDL document.

types ----> Specifies data type definitions for the messages exchanged by the web service. XML Schema is the recommended type system.

message ----> Defines the data being transmitted. A message consists of one or more parts. A part is associated with a type.


portType --->  Defines a set of operations and the input-output messages for each operation.

operation ---> An action (method) supported by the service. Each operation consists of input and output messages.

input ---->  Specifies a message format for the request.

output ----> Specifies a message format for the response.

binding ----> Defines message format and protocol details for operations and messages for a particular portType.

service ---> Specifies a group of ports.

port ---->  Defines an endpoint by associating an address with a binding.

Web services

A web service is a software system designed for interoperable interaction over a network.

Web Services are no more or less than distributed applications that runs across heterogeneous network using HTTP protocol and XML data formats

A Web service client on one machine can call a service on a host machine some where across Internet without needing to worry about the platform, language or vendor of that service

A web service is an abstract resource that provides a set of functions and is implemented by an agent, which sends and receives messages.

A provider entity provides the functionality of a web service with a provider agent and a requester entity uses the web service functionality with a requester agent.

Webservices are based on SOA

Web services implement various technologies, some of which are XML, SOAP, and WSDL.

XML is a standard format for data exchange. Web service requests and responses are sent as XML messages.

The elements and attributes that may be specified in an XML document are specified in an XML Schema.

SOAP(Simple Object Access Protocol) provides a standard framework for packaging and exchanging XML messages.

A web service is defined with a WSDL (Web Services Description Language) document, and other systems interact with the web service using SOAP messages, transferred using HTTP with an XML serialization.

WSDL (Web Services Description Language) provide a way to describe their interfaces in enough detail to allow user to write a client program to access the service

WSDL is an XML document in the http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/ namespace for describing a web service as a set of endpoints operating on messages.

A WSDL document specifies the operations (methods) provided by a web service and the format of the XML messages.

Introduction

PHP is a scripting language. it doesnot need pre-compilation. the variables are declared using $ symbol. PHP intrepreter is zend engine.